Investigation of the effects of preoperative nutritional status scores on renal injury after cardiac surgery in elderly patients

S. Usta, M. Engin

University of Health Sciences, Ahi Evren Thoracic and Vascular Surgery Training and Research Hospital, Trabzon, Turkey. seferusta2000@yahoo.com

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• Cardiac surgery
• Nephrology
• Nutrition

OBJECTIVE: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common complication after cardiac operations accompanied by cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Nutritional status is an important parameter that reflects the general health status of patients, and its prognostic importance has been shown in numerous diseases. For this reason, various scoring systems are used to show nutritional status, the most known of which are the controlling nutritional status (CONUT) score and the geriatric nutritional risk index (GNRI). In this current study, we aimed to investigate the prognostic values of the CONUT score and GNRI in predicting AKI after cardiac surgery.

PATIENTS AND METHODS: Patients over sixty-five years of age who underwent cardiac surgery with CPB in our clinic between March 2019 and January 2021, were consecutively included in the study. The patients who did not develop AKI in the postoperative period were recorded as Group 1, whereas the patients who did develop were defined as Group 2.

RESULTS: Postoperative AKI occurred in 126 (28.7%) patients (Group 2). The median age of the 313 patients included in Group 1 and 126 patients in Group 2 was 69 (67 to 81) and 71 (66 to 85) years, respectively (p = 0.033). The two groups were similar in terms of gender, body mass index, hypertension, smoking, and left ventricular ejection fraction rates. In Group 2, albumin and GNRI values were significantly lower (p = 0.019 and p < 0.001, respectively), whereas the CONUT score was significantly higher (p < 0.001).

CONCLUSIONS: We showed the CONUT score and GNRI values calculated in the preoperative period in patients over 65 years of age as independent predictors of the development of AKI, after cardiac surgery.

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