Summated Xerostomia Inventory to detect both xerostomia and salivary gland hypofunction

L. Dwipa, R. Wardhani, T. Setiani, I. Sufiawati, Y. Susanti Pratiwi, E. Susandi, I. Huang, V. Natasya Moenardi, W.M. Thomson

Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung, West Java, Indonesia. lazuardhi.d@gmail.com

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• Dentistry
• Geriatrics

OBJECTIVE: This study aims to evaluate the diagnostic performance of the Summated Xerostomia Inventory (SXI-ID) questionnaire in detecting xerostomia and salivary gland hypofunction (SGH).

SUBJECTS AND METHODS: This diagnostic study first underwent a validity and reliability test. Participants were randomly sampled from the Geriatric Clinics of Dr. Hasan Sadikin Hospital, Bandung, Indonesia. The SXI-ID was generated through a forward-backward translation, after which its validity (item-total item correlations), internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha), and test-retest reliability (kappa statistic) were all assessed. The diagnostic performance of the SXI-ID in detecting SGH was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis.

RESULTS: A total of 60 participants (aged ≥60 years) were involved in this study, most of whom were female (75%). The internal consistency of the SXI-ID was acceptable (α = 0.823), and its test-retest reliability was perfect (K= 1.00). ROC analysis showed that an SXI-ID cut-off value > 11 could detect SGH with a sensitivity of 96.0%, a specificity of 100.0%, and an area under the curve of 0.985 (p < 0.001).

CONCLUSIONS: The SXI-ID questionnaire is a valid and reliable tool to detect xerostomia and SGH in older Indonesians, and a score of 11 or above is useful to identify those with a low salivary flow.

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